High Altitude and Asthma (Or, More on My Eventual Colorado Move)

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High altitude has been on my mind a lot lately as my relocation to Denver creeps–this particular move is such a long, wearying process that I do mean creeps–closer. The first and only time I visited Colorado, my daughter had no breathing problems although I had prepared for them. Of course, that back in July 2008 and I’m actually moving in the middle of winter, my kid’s most challenging season no matter where we live.

The big news between altitude and asthma is the cold, dry air. Colorado is very dry anyway, of course, with its semi-arid climate, and when we first live there it will probably seem even drier to us, coming from super-humid northwest Florida. Now, moist air is easier on the lungs and bronchial tubes than dry air, but too much moisture (read: humidity) triggers asthma in lots of people. AG’s one of them, but only when humidity approaches 100% and if she’s active outside.

I have no idea how this kid’s spazzy lungs are going to react to living in high altitude year-round, but here’s a summary of the research I found:

1. At least one piece of research from Greece in 2001 points a significantly lower rate of asthma in children who live in the mountains versus those who live at sea level. However, smoking was more prevalent at sea level. Also, these results were obtained through questionnaires, while the ones below came through examination.

2. Research in 2004 found high altitude lessening the severity of asthma symptoms in children with atopic (allergic) disease when it was used as a kind of rehab during 4-week stays.

3. This 2008 German study reports a reduction in asthma symptoms for patients with both atopic and non-allergic asthma. Like the 2004 research above, this bit investigated the effect of visiting high altitudes rather than living in them permanently.

4. Finally, research from Austria in 2007 found higher rates of hospitalization for atopic asthma patients who live in higher altitudes.

What does all this mean for my kid? Well, one encouraging sign: the only study (#4 on the list) with a link between worse asthma and high altitude was for atopic patients, not intrinsic ones like AG. Yet of the three studies that support high altitude’s positive impact on asthma symptoms, two focused on patients who stay at high altitudes temporarily rather than those who live there year-round, and the third one (#1 in the list) got its results through self-reporting rather than clinical investigation.

Add those observations to my kid’s main triggers (illness, dust mites, strong emotions–especially hard laughing or crying), and I think her asthma could go either way. Fewer dust mites because of Denver’s climate can only help her, while colder, drier air during the worst season for respiratory illness doesn’t inspire my optimism.

I get a lot of email asking me what to expect in high altitude and what it’s like to live with asthma in Colorado, and there’s just no telling. Talk to me a year from now, when I’ve spent the winter a mile high with my own asthma kid, and I’ll let you know.